Even 6,000 years ago, ancient inhabitants of Mesopotamia - the Sumerians and Assyrians - were building brick building, which included but sand and clay present a lot of bitumen. With the development of building technology and increased use of oil and its derivatives. Modern design of glass and concrete is hard to imagine without a lot of elements to make that require "black gold."
Polymer building materials
From about the middle of the last century, the builders of the world have adopted a completely new type of material - plastic. Its complex composition of the primary binder is a polymer - a substance synthesized from monomers which produces petrochemicals. At a certain temperature and pressure, easily molded plastic.
The use of different polymers and fillers can significantly alter the structure, construction and processing properties of plastics. So, fiberglass and other materials can reach the strength of steel and foam and porous foams, filled with nitrogen, air or other gases, get a small high density, thermal conductivity, and good sound insulation.
Another valuable feature of plastics - their relative ease. For example, the average density of a large group of porous foams average density is in the range 15 ... 400 kg/m3. However, for plastics in general, it varies widely - from 10 to 2200 kg/m3.
Coating materials
Man has always sought to give attractive look to their home. First used for this purpose natural dyes and pigments, but they are durable and lots of colors and shades. With the advent of synthetic dyes and film opportunity for a paint finish building an incredibly wide. To paint materials are not only lacquers and paints, and coatings, fillers, solvents, adhesives. In addition to its decorative features they improve the physical qualities of objects, increasing their lifespan. Synthetic paints and varnishes to protect the wood from rotting, and iron - rust.
Varnishes and paints used in construction - this resin and polymers dissolved in volatile solvents. They are polyacrylic, pentaphthalic, bitumen, nitrocellulose, epoxy, oil, alcohol, polyurethane. Most of them are made on the basis of isopropanol.
Floor coverings
In XX century materials made from petroleum products, are well positioned among the top floors. In place of the tree came linoleum, synthetic carpeting and PVC coating. But what about the traditional wood flooring and parquet, you ask? But not without petroleum derivatives - to extend the life of these materials and their decorations, people thought of the spanning tree varnish and paint.
Windows
The immense popularity in the second half of the twentieth century have found new windows. Compared with their wooden predecessors, they are much easier to use and do not miss the noise and dust. In addition, the windows are a real boon to designers, since the current level of production makes it possible to manufacture window structures of all shapes and sizes.
Let's look Okino modern housing and observe how the materials are made of petrochemical products. Here is an incomplete list:
Element Material Benefits
Walls Polymers ease, strength, low thermal conductivity, good sound insulation
Bituminous waterproofing resin joints in brick
Paints and decoration, surface protection from the effects of environmental factors
Wallpapers polymer-based higher performance and durability compared to the simple paper wallpaper
Paul Bituminous resin coating improves basis for hydro and thermal insulation properties
Flooring (linoleum, carpet, PVC coating) Decorative features, ease of installation
Paints and decorative properties, surface protection against wear
Plastic windows Convenience, noise and pyleizolyatsiya
Paints and decorative function, increased service life of traditional wooden windows
Ceiling / roof types of soft roofing ease of use, improved waterproofing
Improved paint decorative function, protection from environmental factors
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